For example, I may need to write a quick report that shows the users’ names, their login ID, and all of the roles that they fulfill. Recently someone asked me how to do the reverse (convert columns to rows). Many relational databases supports pivot function, but Amazon Redshift does not provide pivot functions. Unpivoting is the process of taking columns and converting them to rows. rowID columnjson. The category and value columns must be the last two columns, in that order. Convert Rows to Columns (PIVOT) Oracle Database 11g introduced the pivot operator. To use this you need three things: The column that has the values defining the new columns; What these defining values are; What to show in the new columns; The value in the new columns must be an aggregate. You can use CASE or DECODE to convert rows to columns, or columns to rows. This makes switching rows to columns easy. The row_name column must be first. The "extra" columns are expected to be the same for all rows with the same row_name value. PostgreSQL – Converting Rows Into A String ... One thing that I often have to do is convert a subquery into a string that is delimited by a comma. Let's try the most obvious way and let PostgreSQL decide what to do: postgres=# alter table t1 alter column b type date; psql: ERROR: column "b" cannot be cast automatically to type date HINT: You might need to specify "USING b::date". In the relational database, Pivot used to convert rows to columns and vice versa. It may also have one or more "extra" columns. You can do a DIY unpivot using union all. For example, you may want to convert the home & away team names to a single team column. Summary: in this tutorial we will show you how to use the LOWER, UPPER and INITCAP functions to convert a string expression, values in a column, etc., to lowercase, uppercase, and proper case.. PostgreSQL LOWER function. row 1 {"a":21,"b":90} In this article, we will check Redshift pivot table methods to convert rows to columns and vice versa. Database Research & Development: Demonstrated example of how to achieve PIVOT TABLE in PostgreSQL using SQL Query to convert all ROWS into the form of COLUMNS … YEAR QUARTER RESULTS----- ----- -----2004 1 20 2004 2 30 2004 3 15 The following illustrates the syntax of the LOWER function: For example, Imagine I have three rows with different set of keys inside columnJson column as below. A while ago we demonstrated how to create cross tabulation tables using tablefunc extension aka (Pivot Tables) (basically collapsing rows into columns). 8 Turning PostgreSQL rows into arrays. Any columns between row_name and category are treated as "extra". So far in this series, I have described how you can create arrays and retrieve information from them — both the actual data stored in the array, and information about the array, such as its length.But the coolest trick, or set of tricks, that I use in PostgreSQL is the ability to turn arrays into rows, and vice versa. This will query the source table once for each column you want to become a row. To convert a string, an expression, or values in a column to lower case, you use the LOWER case function. What other options do we have to convert "b" to a real date without changing the name of the column. The first will convert rows into columns. Let's assume that we have the following table definition CREATE TABLE Sales (Year INT, Quarter INT, Results INT) Which contains the following data. In this article, I demonstrate how you can convert rows values into columns values (PIVOT) and columns values into rows values (UNPIVOT) in SQL Server. 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